function parse_metadata_file(string $path): array
{
    $metadata = [];
    $content = file_get_contents($path);

    if ($content === false) {
        return [];
    }

    $content = convert_to_utf8($content);
    $lines = preg_split('/\R/u', $content) ?: [];

    foreach ($lines as $line) {
        if (trim($line) === '') {
            continue;
        }

        [$key, $value] = array_pad(explode('=', $line, 2), 2, '');

        $key = trim($key);
        $value = trim($value);

        if ($key !== '') {
            $metadata[$key] = $value;
        }
    }

    return $metadata;
}